(Aktu Btech ) Web Technology Important Unit-3 Scripting and Networking

Aktu Btech Quantum Notes can help you better comprehend web technology. Your exam preparation will benefit from these helpful, commonly asked questions. Start now on the road to success! Unit-3 Scripting and Networking

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Important Questions For Web Technology:
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Q1. Compare and contrast Java and JavaScript.

Ans. 

Strengths/Advantages of JavaScript: 

• 1. An interpreted language: JavaScript is an interpreted language, which requires no compilation steps. 
• 2.Quick development: JavaScript does not require time consuming compilations, scripts can be developed in a short period of time. 
• 3. Performance: 
  • a. JavaScript can be written such that the HTML files are fairly compact and quite small. 
  • b. It minimizes storage requirements on the web server and download time for the client. 
• 4. Easy debugging and testing: Being an interpreted language, scripts in JavaScript are tested line by line and the errors are also listed as they are encountered.

Weakness/Disadvantages of JavaScript:

• 1. There are scripting compatibility problems that cause a page to load slowly.
• 2. JavaScript can be rendered differently by various layout engines, which can lead to inconsistencies in functionality and interface.
• 3. Web hackers frequently employ JavaScript as one of their tools; they inject scripts into websites to hack them.
• 4. Although JavaScript is lightweight, using too much of it might cause a website’s pages to load slowly.

Q2. Create an html page named as “String_Math.html” and within the script tag define some string variables and use different string function to demonstrate the use of the predefined functions. Do the same for the math function.

Ans.

Q3. Write a short note on AJAX. 

Ans.

• 1. AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a set of web development techniques for creating better, faster and more applications with interactive web the help of XML, HTML, CSS and JavaScript. 
• 2. Traditional web applications tend to follow the pattern shown in Fig.
• 3. First a page is loaded. Next, the user performs some action such as filling out a form or clicking a link. 
• 4. The user activity is then submitted to a server-side program for processing while the user waits until final result is sent which reloads the entire page.
• 5. AJAX style applications use a significantly different model. Here user actions signal the server to fetch just the data needed to update the page in response to the submitted actions.
• 6. This process generally happens asynchronously, thus it allows the user to perform other actions within the browser while data is returned.

• 7. Asynchronous requests allow more than one thing to happen at the same time.
• 8. Only the relevant portion of the page is changed when we use AJAX, as shown in Fig.

Q4. Explain IP addressing. 

Ans.

• 1. The IP address is a network layer address that uniquely identifies each computer on network.
• 2. Each TCP/IP host is identified by a logical IP address. 
• 3. The IP address identifies a system’s location on the network. An IP address must be globally unique and have a uniform format.
• 4. Each IP address includes a network ID and a host ID.
  • i. Systems that are situated on the same physical network ID are identified by the network ID, commonly referred to as a network address. A network ID that is specific to the internetwork is required.
  • ii. A workstation, server, router, or other TCP IP host within a network is identified by its host ID, also referred to as its host address. Each host’s address must be distinct from the network ID.
• 5. The use of the term network ID refers to any IP network ID, whether it is class-based, a subnet, or a supernet. 

• 6. An IP address is 32 bits long. It is a common practice to segment the 32 bits of the IP address into four 8-bit fields called octets. 
• 7. Each octet is converted to a decimal number (the base 10 numbering system) in the range 0-256 and separated by a period (a dot). This format is called dotted decimal notation.

Q5. How do you associate functions with objects using JavaScript?

Ans.

• 1. In JavaScript we can associate functions with objects by creating objects and assigning properties. 
• 2. Every object in JavaScript has different property. 
• 3. Property of an object is defined in a variable which is attached to an object. 
• 4. Object properties are mostly the same as simple JavaScript variables.
• 5. JavaScript has a number of predefined objects. So, we can create our own objects and embed the function directly in the object.  

For example: 

Q6. What is InetAddress class ? Explain factory method of InetAddress.

Ans. InetAddress class: 

• 1. The InetAddress class is used to encapsulate both the numerical IP address and the domain name for that address. 
• 2. The InetAddress class hides the number inside. 
• 3. InetAddress can handle both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. 
• 4. The InetAddress class has no visible constructors.

Factory methods: 

• 1. Factory methods are used to create an IntAddress object. 
• 2. Factory method is a static method in a class and return an instance of that class. 
• 3. Three commonly used InetAddress factory methods are as follows:   
  • a. The getlocalHost(): This method simply returns the InetAddress object that represents the local host. 
  • b. The getByName(): This method returns an InetAddress for a host name passed to it. If this method is unable to resolve the host name then, they throw an UnknownHost Exception. 
  • c. The getAllByName(): This method returns an array of InetAddresses that represent all of the addresses that a particular name resolves to. It will also throw an UnknownHostException if it cannot resolve the name to at least one address. 

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